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Table 3 Effects of in ovo feeding of L-arginine on digestive organ index of layer chicks1

From: Dynamic alterations in early intestinal development, microbiota and metabolome induced by in ovo feeding of L-arginine in a layer chick model

Item2

  

Arg dosage (mg/egg)

Pooled SEM

P-value

NC

SC

2

6

10

ANOVA

Linear3

Quadratic3

d 0 Index, %

 Yolk sac

14.52a

14.49a

11.05b

11.72b

11.94b

0.40

0.008

0.551

0.282

 Proventriculus

0.53

0.56

0.66

0.54

0.60

0.02

0.086

0.656

0.910

 Gizzard

4.01

4.35

4.48

4.23

4.53

0.08

0.211

0.352

0.800

 Duodenum

16.34

15.70

15.56

15.77

16.15

0.20

0.721

0.294

0.602

 Jejunum

28.16b

28.68b

34.49a

29.61b

31.79ab

0.73

0.020

0.928

0.841

 Ileum

25.40

25.54

26.34

25.40

25.99

0.64

0.989

0.910

0.896

d 3 Index, %

 Yolk sac

2.67

2.91

1.93

1.89

1.85

0.16

0.088

0.065

0.159

 Proventriculus

1.16

1.17

1.18

1.23

1.21

0.02

0.625

0.857

0.204

 Gizzard

6.52

6.25

6.54

6.62

6.57

0.07

0.536

0.611

0.207

 Duodenum

22.48b

22.67b

22.93ab

24.71ab

25.39a

0.40

0.049

0.010

0.035

 Jejunum

42.13

41.07

41.73

44.70

42.61

0.57

0.323

0.467

0.112

 Ileum

31.23

32.98

34.75

36.36

33.92

0.74

0.224

0.803

0.157

d 14 Index, %

 Proventriculus

0.77

0.71

0.76

0.80

0.74

0.01

0.100

0.546

0.131

 Gizzard

3.63

3.57

3.68

3.62

3.66

0.05

0.971

0.674

0.924

 Duodenum

10.70

10.65

9.39

9.22

10.71

0.40

0.606

0.822

0.272

 Jejunum

19.02b

19.21b

22.52a

22.05a

23.66a

0.45

0.001

0.025

0.039

 Ileum

18.56

17.58

20.07

19.94

20.93

0.42

0.089

0.040

0.075

d 21 Index, %

 Proventriculus

0.71

0.67

0.69

0.71

0.68

0.01

0.466

0.525

0.284

 Gizzard

2.99

2.84

2.74

2.91

2.95

0.04

0.365

0.741

0.879

 Duodenum

7.82

7.73

7.38

7.67

7.51

0.08

0.503

0.702

0.975

 Jejunum

15.37

16.36

15.10

16.21

14.24

0.27

0.108

0.547

0.651

 Ileum

14.51

15.92

14.54

15.17

13.24

0.30

0.109

0.777

0.305

d 42 Index, %

 Proventriculus

0.69

0.71

0.63

0.72

0.71

0.02

0.308

0.422

0.578

 Gizzard

2.60

2.47

2.44

2.57

2.43

0.05

0.740

0.866

0.701

 Duodenum

4.13

3.85

3.88

4.10

3.97

0.05

0.194

0.328

0.229

 Jejunum

8.43b

7.89b

7.77b

8.04b

9.21a

0.13

0.001

0.031

0.042

 Ileum

7.72a

7.17ab

6.58b

7.54a

7.80a

0.12

0.004

0.235

0.103

  1. a–bMeans within a row with no common superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05). 1 Data are the mean of 8 replicates. NC, non-injected control group; SC, saline-injected control group.2 Yolk sac and stomach index, % = absolute weight, g / body weight, g × 100, Intestinal index, % = absolute length, cm/ body weight, g × 100. 3Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to determine the linear and quadratic effects of increasing concentrations of L-arginine solution