Table 4 HMDB compound classification of differential metabolites in cows with different udder health status

 Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Prenol lipids

Sesquiterpenoids

10beta-Hydroxy-6beta-isobutyrylfuranoeremophilane

5.27

12.23

3.41 × 10^− 13

3.88 × 10^− 10

Fatty acyls

Eicosanoids

12-Oxo-20-dihydroxy-leukotriene B4

4.53

16.36

3.82 × 10^− 12

5.97 × 10^− 9

 Organoheterocyclic compounds

Triazinanes

1,3,5-Triazinanes

Methenamine

3.74

4.08

1.40 × 10⁻¹¹

4.92 × 10⁻⁹

Carbonyl compounds

Aldehydes

5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde

3.07

4.89

6.11 × 10⁻¹¹

1.86 × 10⁻⁸

Benzopyrans

2-Benzopyrans

6-Methoxymellein

2.51

3.30

1.63 × 10⁻¹⁰

4.13 × 10⁻⁸

 Phenylpropanoids and polyketides

Phenylpropanoic acids

–

2-Phenylbutyric acid

2.83

0.26

2.24 × 10⁻⁸

4.37 × 10⁻⁶

 Organoheterocyclic compounds

Triazinanes

1,3,5-Triazinanes

Methenamine

5.15

4.85

1.07 × 10⁻⁸

6.95 × 10^− 6

Carbonyl compounds

Aldehydes

5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde

4.76

4.80

1.33 × 10⁻⁹

2.02 × 10⁻⁶

Benzopyrans

2-Benzopyrans

6-Methoxymellein

3.37

3.23

5.64 × 10⁻⁸

2.57 × 10⁻⁵

 Phenylpropanoids and polyketides

Cinnamic acids and derivatives

Cinnamic acids

Cinnamic acid

2.75

1.27

4.61 × 10⁻⁴

0.042

 Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Fatty acyls

Fatty alcohols

Lentialexin

3.09

1.48

9.70 × 10⁻⁴

0.041

–

–

–

Xestoaminol C

3.57

1.21

8.78 × 10⁻⁵

0.016

 Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Prenol lipids

Sesquiterpenoids

10beta-Hydroxy-6beta-isobutyrylfuranoeremophilane

4.09

2.88

4.25 × 10⁻⁶

0.003

Fatty acyls

Eicosanoids

12-Oxo-20-dihydroxy-leukotriene B4

3.24

3.64

2.63 × 10⁻⁶

0.002

Fatty acyls

Fatty alcohols

(3R,5Z)-5-Octene-1,3-diol

2.66

0.51

9.97 × 10⁻⁵

0.011

 Organic acids and derivatives

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Carboxylic acid derivatives

N-Acetylcadaverine

2.71

0.61

6.96 × 10⁻⁴

0.020