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Table 8 Summary of studies in periparturient dairy cows investigating the effects of supplemental phytoproducts on cow metabolism

From: Role of nutraceuticals during the transition period of dairy cows: a review

Nutraceutical

Treatment

Period

Tissue/Cells

Main outcome

Reference

EO mix (thymol, eugenol, vanillin, guiacol, limonene

1 g/cow/d

From −21 d to 42 d relative to calving

Blood

γ-glutamyltransferase increase

[137]

EO (curcum oleoresin or garlic excract or capsicum oleoresin)

2 g/cow/d

9 d treatment

Blood

Subtle or no effect on blood cells, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status and mRNA liver enzymes expression. Immune-stimulatory effect by CD4 cells activation and expansion

[142]

EO (allicin or pinene)

5 g/cow/d Allium sativum standardized at 1.5% of allicin; 2 g/cow Juniper communis standardized at 35% pinene

21 d

Rumen

DM, OM and CP ruminal truly digestibility increase

[143]

Quebracho tannin

90 g/cow/d

6 weeks (− 3 before and + 3 after calving)

Blood

Antiketogenic effect decreasing BHB

[144]

Tea saponin

20, 30, 40 g/cow/d

8 weeks treatment

 

Tea saponin may reduce oxidative stress and improve immune system

[140]

  1. EO essential oil, DM and DMI dry matter and dry matter intake, respectively, CD4 cluster differentiation-4, OM organic matter, CP crude protein, BHB beta-hydroxybutyrate