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Table 4 Effect of replacing soybean meal with dried distillers grains with solubles on relative abundance of predominant predicted gene pathways in the different ruminal ecological niches of growing Hu lambs

From: Effects of dietary replacement of soybean meal with dried distillers grains with solubles on the microbiota occupying different ecological niches in the rumen of growing Hu lambs

Metabolism

Protein source (PS)

Ruminal ecological niche (REN)

P-value

SBM

DDGS

SEM

Solid

Liquid

Epithelial

SEM

PS

REN

PS × REN

Carbohydrate metabolism

10.68

10.83

0.058

10.79

10.63

10.85

0.070

0.08

0.096

0.74

Amino acid metabolism

6.78

7.02

0.066

6.72b

6.84b

7.14a

0.080

0.02

< 0.01

0.99

Energy metabolism

4.48

4.45

0.029

4.47

4.52

4.41

0.036

0.51

0.12

0.81

Nucleotide metabolism

4.74

4.57

0.051

4.79a

4.48b

4.69ab

0.063

0.02

< 0.01

0.86

Replication and repair

4.31

4.09

0.056

4.42a

4.07b

4.11b

0.069

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.96

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins

3.38

3.28

0.036

3.25b

3.52a

3.22b

0.044

0.07

< 0.01

0.66

Membrane transport

2.71

2.63

0.050

2.81a

2.75a

2.46b

0.062

0.23

< 0.01

0.10

Signal transduction

2.49

2.36

0.056

2.51a

2.63a

2.13b

0.068

0.11

< 0.01

0.18

Translation

2.68

2.52

0.051

2.73a

2.49b

2.58ab

0.061

0.03

0.02

0.82

Cell motility

1.85

1.62

0.070

1.81a

2.11a

1.29b

0.085

0.03

< 0.01

0.40

Lipid metabolism

1.62

1.74

0.032

1.61b

1.56b

1.86a

0.039

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.75

Folding, sorting and degradation

1.56

1.50

0.014

1.58a

1.53ab

1.49b

0.018

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.97

Metabolism of other amino acids

1.36

1.39

0.019

1.40a

1.31b

1.41a

0.023

0.32

< 0.01

0.67

Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism

1.21

1.20

0.021

1.17

1.22

1.21

0.026

0.73

0.27

0.94

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites

1.08

1.07

0.008

1.11a

1.04b

1.07b

0.010

0.24

< 0.01

0.87

Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism

1.02

1.14

0.033

1.06b

0.90c

1.28a

0.040

0.01

< 0.01

0.95

Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides

0.87

0.93

0.025

0.85b

0.84b

1.01a

0.027

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.21

Infectious diseases: Bacterial

1.56

1.50

0.014

1.58a

1.53ab

1.49b

0.014

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.97

Endocrine system

0.85

0.82

0.017

0.88a

0.81b

0.81b

0.021

0.17

0.02

0.24

Cell growth and death

0.64

0.61

0.009

0.63

0.63

0.61

0.011

0.04

0.25

0.31

  1. a-bMeans with different superscripts within a row differ (P < 0.05)