Fig. 5

Modulation of gut microbiota by PCA at the phylum level. a The relative abundance of cecal microbial phyla (mean of each group). b The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in each group based on their relative abundance, and the effect of PCA on Bacteroidetes c and Firmicutes d. CTL, a basal diet; AUR, a basal diet containing 50 mg/kg aureomycin; PCA, a basal diet supplemented with 0.4% protocatechuic acid. Data were shown as means ± SD (n = 6), *P < 0.05 compared with CTL