Intrauterine growth restriction alters growth performance, plasma hormones, and small intestinal microbial communities in growing-finishing pigs

Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets (as air-dried)

Items	Nursery pig feed (28–69 d of age)	Growing pig feed (70–103 d of age)	Finishing pig feed (104–165 d of age)
Ingredients, %
Corn	60.00	61.00	61.17
Barley	6.00	8.00	8.00
Soybean oil	2.00	1.50	1.00
Soybean meal	27.50	25.00	25.50
CaHPO₄	0.10	0.10	0
Lysine	0.16	0.18	0.13
Methionine	0.02	0.03	0.00
Threonine	0.10	0.07	0.08
Anti-oxidant	0.02	0.02	0.02
Anti-mildew agent	0.10	0.10	0.10
Nursery pigs premix^a	4.00	0	0
Growing-finishing pigs premix^b	0	4.00	4.00
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00
Nutrient levels^c
Digestible energy, MJ/kg	13.91	13.77	13.64
Crude protein	17.20	16.40	16.50
Crude fat	4.70	4.30	3.80
Crude fiber	2.70	2.70	2.80
Digestible lysine	1.17	1.08	1.05
Digestible methionine	0.33	0.30	0.28
Digestible threonine	0.77	0.71	0.73
Total calcium	0.77	0.74	0.66
Total phosphorus	0.56	0.52	0.45

^aNursery pig premix supplied per kg feed: 8,000 IU vitamin A, 228 IU vitamin D₃, 15 IU vitamin E, 3.0 mg vitamin K₃, 1.3 mg vitamin B₁, 3.1 mg vitamin B₂, 1.2 mg vitamin B₆, 0.03 mg vitamin B₁₂, 13.4 mg calcium pantothenate, 500 mg choline chloride, 120 mg iron, 10 mg copper, 130 mg zinc, 100 mg manganese, 0.3 mg iodine, and 0.3 mg selenium
^bGrowing-finishing pig premix supplied per kg feed: 15,000 IU vitamin A, 200 IU vitamin D₃, 50 IU vitamin E, 4.0 mg vitamin K₃, 4.0 mg vitamin B₁, 10 mg vitamin B₂, 3.0 mg vitamin B₆, 0.04 mg vitamin B₁₂, 20.0 mg calcium pantothenate, 800 mg choline chloride, 120 mg iron, 20 mg copper, 112 mg zinc, 124 mg manganese, 0.5 mg iodine, 0.4 mg selenium
^cNutrient levels were calculated values

ISSN: 2049-1891