Fig. 1From: Lactobacillus salivarius alleviates inflammation via NF-κB signaling in ETEC K88-induced IPEC-J2 cellsEffects of L. salivarius on ETEC K88 adhesion to IPEC-J2. Cells were collected from the indicated IPEC-J2 cultures at 3, 6, 12, 24 h after ETEC K88 challenge. An adhesion assay using ETEC K88 alone served as a reference, and the adherent ratio of ETEC K88 group was normalized to 100%. Data are presented as means ± standard deviations (SD) of three independent experiments. **, P < 0.01Back to article page