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Table 4 Metabolic and antioxidant parameters in plasma and concentrations of lipids in the liver of cows fed the control diet (Con) or the diet supplemented with green tea extract (GTE) in weeks 1, 4 and 7 of lactation1

From: Effects of supplementation of green tea extract on the milk performance of peripartal dairy cows and the expression of stress response genes in the liver

 

Week 1

 

Week 4

 

Week 7

 

P-value

Con

GTE

SEM

Con

GTE

SEM

Con

GTE

SEM

GTE

Week

GTE × week

Parity

Plasma

 NEFA, mmol/L

0.52

0.43

0.06

0.38

0.36

0.07

0.30

0.20

0.07

0.17

<  0.001

0.48

0.66

 BHBA, mmol/L

0.97

1.03

0.15

0.98

0.88

0.15

0.68

0.68

0.15

0.87

0.004

0.68

0.71

 TAG, μmol/L

98.8a

79.6b

6.6

108

95.1

6.8

128a

99.6b

6.67

<  0.001

<  0.001

0.20

0.52

 Cholesterol, mmol/L

2.05

1.77

0.24

3.48a

2.97b

0.24

4.97a

4.05b

0.24

0.003

<  0.001

0.007

0.017

 α-Tocopherol, μmol/g lipids2

6.55

6.35

0.50

7.10a

6.08b

0.50

7.02

6.59

0.51

0.21

<  0.43

0.32

0.60

 β-Carotene, μmol/g lipids2

13.5a

10.8b

1.18

10.9

9.51

1.20

13.7a

9.78b

1.18

0.007

0.036

0.29

0.05

 TEAC, mmol/L

3.50

3.67

0.14

3.70

3.79

0.14

3.96

3.96

0.14

0.25

<  0.001

0.55

0.24

Liver

 TAG, μmol/g

37.1

25.5

6.3

37.2a

22.3b

6.3

15.0

9.4

6.4

0.07

<  0.001

0.24

0.57

 Cholesterol, μmol/g

7.52

7.01

0.59

7.78

7.27

0.59

5.66

5.92

0.62

0.62

<  0.001

0.43

0.74

  1. 1Values are least square means, n = 15 for each group
  2. 2Concentrations of α-tocopherol and β-carotene are related to lipids (TAG + cholesterol)
  3. a,b Means within one week with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05)
  4. BHBA, β-hydroxybutyrate; NEFA, non esterified fatty acids; SEM, standard error of means; TAG, triacylglycerols; TEAC, trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity