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Table 10 The relative abundances of microbiota at phyla level and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in feces of sows during gestation (%)

From: Inclusion of purified dietary fiber during gestation improved the reproductive performance of sows

 Item

Gestation Stage

Diets

SEM

P-value

Day 30

Day 60

Day 90

Day 110

CON

DF1

DF2

DF3

DF4

DF5

Stage

Diets

S × D

Linear

Quadratic

Firmicutes

80.15a

73.98b

67.09a

64.57a

71.15

74.71

71.77

70.96

69.26

70.82

3.6

< 0.01

0.29

0.031

0.66

0.47

Bacteroidetes

10.67a

15.76b

21.09a

20.63a

16.66

15.64

18.00

18.00

17.56

16.35

1.9

< 0.01

0.41

< 0.01

0.80

0.43

Euryarchaeota

1.06b

2.02a

2.09a

1.86ab

2.47

0.70

1.72

2.00

1.61

2.06

0.7

0.02

0.33

< 0.01

0.56

0.57

Proteobacteria

1.21b

1.25b

2.13b

5.01a

1.73

1.65

1.56

2.31

3.81

3.34

1.5

< 0.01

0.17

0.043

0.12

0.17

Spirochaetes

2.06b

2.34ab

3.24a

2.66ab

3.39

2.33

2.57

2.38

2.3

2.47

0.5

0.02

0.08

0.022

0.51

0.08

Tenericutes

3.47a

3.21a

2.53b

1.92b

2.94

3.28

2.53

2.38

2.78

2.78

0.37

< 0.01

0.15

< 0.01

0.78

0.19

Cyanobacteria

0.08b

0.04b

0.06b

0.32a

0.24

0.18

0.05

0.07

0.09

0.12

0.09

< 0.01

0.13

0.50

0.58

0.03

Actinobacteria

0.35b

0.37b

0.6ab

0.87a

0.42

0.47

0.49

0.58

0.77

0.55

0.22

< 0.01

0.51

0.12

0.65

0.06

Acidobacteria

0.02b

0.01b

0.06b

0.3a

0.02b

0.02b

0.02b

0.06ab

0.29a

0.16ab

0.17

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.017

0.07

Planctomycetes

0.14b

0.16b

0.17b

0.32a

0.25

0.14

0.19

0.19

0.18

0.25

0.08

< 0.01

0.31.

< 0.01

0.30

0.33

Verrucomicrobia

0.55

0.65

0.58

0.74

0.47

0.6

0.68

0.76

0.66

0.61

0.09

0.10

0.13

0.73

0.84

< 0.01

Fibrobacteres

0.03b

0.05b

0.1ab

0.17a

0.06

0.1

0.13

0.09

0.06

0.06

0.06

< 0.01

0.87

0.030

0.52

0.73

Firmicutes/

Bacteroidetes

8.29a

5.35b

3.39ab

3.31a

5.05

5.58

4.95

4.54

5.46

4.93

1.27

< 0.01

0.28

< 0.01

0.83

0.95

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± largest SEM. Sows were regarded as the experimental units, n = 6 for each treatment. a, b, c denote P < 0.05. CON, basal corn-soybean diet; DF1, wheat bran-rich diet; DF2, DF3, DF4 and DF5 were wheat bran diet supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% of FIBER MIX (guar gum and cellulose, 1:4) at the expense of wheat bran. Linear contrasts (OPC) analysis was used to test the linear and quadratic effects of dietary fiber levels on microbial parameters of sows