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Table 2 Uniquely regulated GO-biological processes of 2D organoids exposed to various protein sources. List of biological processes as analyzed in GeneAnalytics using the differentially expressed genes compared to medium control (MC)

From: Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

Sl No.

Biological processes modulated in treatments compared to MC

Putative regulation of biological process

 

CAS

 

1

Glutathione metabolic process

Down

2

Notochord development

Up

3

Microtubule-based movement

Up

4

Glutathione derivative biosynthetic process

Down

5

Cellular detoxification of nitrogen compound

Down

 

SBM

 

1

Phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process

Down

2

Triglyceride homeostasis

Down

3

Drug metabolic process

Down

4

Type I interferon signaling pathway

Up

5

Retinol metabolic process

Down

6

Hexose transport

Down

7

Lipoprotein metabolic process

Down

8

Retinoid metabolic process

Down

 

SDPP

 

1

Nucleosome assembly

Up

2

Positive regulation of apoptotic process

Up

3

Positive regulation of cell migration

Up

4

Response to wounding

Up

5

Wound healing, spreading of cells

Up

6

Negative regulation of cell cycle

Up

7

DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly

Up

8

Cellular response to organic cyclic compound

Up

9

Angiogenesis

Up

10

Telomere organization

Up

11

Response to virus

Up

12

Cytokinesis

Up

13

DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly

Up

14

DNA-templated transcription, initiation

Up

15

Response to hypoxia

Up

16

Positive regulation of fever generation

Up

17

Mitotic spindle midzone assembly

Up

18

Platelet degranulation

Up

19

Positive regulation of cytokinesis

Up

20

Chromatin silencing at RDNA

Up

21

Protein stabilization

Up

22

Protein localization to kinetochore

Up

23

Omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway

Up

24

Positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus

Up

 

YMW

 

1

Cholesterol biosynthetic process

Down

2

Steroid metabolic process

Down

3

Response to drug

Down

4

Oxidation-reduction process

Up

5

Transmembrane transport

Down

6

Isoprenoid biosynthetic process

Down

7

Very long-chain fatty acid metabolic process

Down

8

CDP-choline pathway

Down

9

Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process

Down

10

Steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway

Down

11

Response to gamma radiation

Up

  1. Abbreviations: CAS casein, SBM soybean meal, SDPP spray dried plasma protein, YMW yellow meal worm, MC medium control
  2. aAnalysed by GeneAnalytics; pathway analysis significance at corrected P-value < 0.05
  3. bP < 0.05 and log(fold change) > |1.5|