Table 5 The effects of adding sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) to low-protein diets on the fluxes of plasma (mL/kg/h), amino acids (mg/kg/h), NH₃ (μmol/kg/h), and urea (mmol/kg/h) across the portal vein, hepatic artery, and hepatic vein of 40-kg pigs

Plasma

1614

1627

1659

35.6

0.878

409^a

346^b

404^a

13.9

0.004

2023

1973

2063

51.3

0.330

Lys

53.4

47.5

52.1

1.25

0.060

9.88^a

7.59^b

9.36^a

0.23

<.001

58.4^a

50.8^b

58.9^a

2.58

0.028

Met

22.5^a

19.1^b

21.7^a

0.53

0.024

4.08^a

3.05^b

3.86^a

0.09

<.001

24.6^a

20.5^b

24.6^a

0.99

<.001

Thr

64.5^a

57.5^b

63.9^a

1.52

0.037

13.2^a

10.3^b

12.7^a

0.32

<.001

73.8^a

64.4^b

74.6^a

3.21

0.030

Trp

10.4^a

9.02^b

9.84^ab

0.23

0.045

1.84^a

1.42^b

1.76^a

0.05

<.001

10.2^a

9.03^b

10.3^a

0.48

0.040

Arg

47.6^a

41.5^b

46.3^a

1.10

0.023

9.03^a

7.02^b

8.54^a

0.23

<.001

51.6^a

43.8^b

51.9^a

2.42

0.020

His

33.6^a

28.3^b

32.0^a

0.77

0.007

6.60^a

5.07^b

6.11^a

0.17

<.001

37.0^a

30.3^b

36.6^a

1.76

<.001

Ile

37.5^a

31.9^b

35.7^ab

0.86

0.013

6.16^a

4.62^b

5.64^a

0.18

<.001

40.0^a

33.5^b

39.6^a

1.70

<.001

Leu

56.3^a

49.9^b

54.5^ab

1.29

0.040

10.2^a

8.01^b

9.73^a

0.26

<.001

63.3^a

55.1^b

62.6^ab

2.72

0.047

Phe

44.7^a

38.4^b

42.7^ab

1.02

0.014

8.15^a

6.32^b

7.63^a

0.20

<.001

49.6^a

41.8^b

48.9^a

2.10

0.021

Val

35.9^a

31.4^b

35.1^ab

0.84

0.040

7.60^a

5.83^b

7.24^a

0.18

<.001

41.3^a

35.2^b

41.1^a

2.99

0.031

Pro

30.1^a

25.0^b

29.5^a

0.69

0.004

5.90^a

4.55^b

5.69^a

0.14

<.001

32.5^a

27.1^b

32.7^a

2.09

<.001

Asn

53.3

47.6

52.3

1.25

0.068

11.5^a

9.03^b

11.0^a

0.27

<.001

61.9

55.0

61.0

0.96

0.087

Ser

34.7^a

26.9^b

33.2^a

0.80

<.001

7.61^a

5.42^b

7.17^a

0.17

<.001

41.3^a

34.1^b

39.9^a

1.65

0.015

Gln

73.0^a

63.9^b

71.9^a

1.70

0.012

19.9^a

16.2^b

19.3^a

0.48

<.001

108

101

108

4.62

0.707

Gly

89.8^a

80.2^b

75.6^b

1.97

0.001

13.8^a

11.4^b

13.1^ab

0.38

0.018

89.0^a

78.7^b

80.6^b

3.80

0.021

Ala

95.0^a

82.6^b

77.7^b

2.07

<.001

14.3^a

11.8^b

13.3^ab

0.42

0.028

92.8^a

80.5^b

80.9^b

3.92

0.008

Cys

31.3^a

26.8^b

30.1^ab

0.72

0.027

6.71^a

4.92^b

6.14^b

0.17

<.001

36.8^a

32.3^b

35.9^ab

1.52

0.025

Tyr

37.1^a

32.2^b

36.2^a

0.86

0.028

8.26^a

6.45^b

7.87^a

0.18

<.001

43.1

37.7

43.2

1.94

0.150

EAAs

406^a

354^b

393^ab

9.39

0.029

76.8^a

59.3^b

72.6^a

1.92

<.001

450^a

384^b

449^a

22.5

0.023

NEAAs

444^a

383^b

408^ab

10.0

0.019

88.0^a

69.8^b

83.5^a

2.58

<.001

505^a

446^b

482^ab

17.0

0.046

TAAs

850^a

737^b

801^ab

19.4

0.018

165^a

129^b

156^a

3.93

<.001

955^a

831^b

931^a

36.5

<.001

NH₃

151^a

130^b

113^c

3.23

<.001

18.4^a

18.6^a

16.7^b

0.54

0.034

99.9

97.4

89.3

2.74

0.098

Urea

124

125

117

2.94

0.908

33.4^a

27.3^b

27.9^b

0.84

0.015

177^a

167^ab

157^b

5.53

0.021