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Table 1 Mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values of basic chemical profile, protein subfractions and predicted energy profiles for combined feed of blend pelleted products with different combinations (two levels of lignosulfonate chemical compound, two types of co-products from biofuel (carinata) or bio-oil processing with two levels of each type, and two levels of pea screenings

From: Interactive association between processing induced molecular structure changes and nutrient delivery on a molecular basis, revealed by cutting-edge vibrational biomolecular spectroscopy

Items

Mean (n = 16)

SDa

Minimum

Maximum

Basic chemical profileb

 CP, g/kg DM

392.2

38.0

336.3

457.9

 NDICP, g/kg CP

99.2

37.4

55.5

150.8

 ADICP, g/kg CP

23.2

9.2

10.6

36.8

 SCP, g/kg CP

307.8

66.4

185.1

427.0

 NPN, g/kg CP

32.75

4.15

24.66

41.41

Protein subfractions, CNCPS 6.5c

 PA2, g/kg CP

347.7

74.7

208.4

479.7

 PB1, g/kg CP

553.1

53.1

464.8

655.4

 PB2, g/kg CP

76.0

45.8

28.0

135.2

 PC, g/kg CP

23.2

9.2

10.6

36.8

Predicted energy values by NRCd

 tdCP, g/kg DM

388.6

38.2

332.1

455.2

 TDN1×, g/kg DM

753.7

28.2

709.7

793.2

 ME3×, NRC–2001 dairy

2.98

0.12

2.80

3.15

 NEL3×, NRC–2001 dairy

1.91

0.09

1.78

2.03

Ruminal degradation kinetics of CPe

 Kd, %/h

91.7

23.8

53.9

178.9

 S, g/kg

175.3

28.4

97.9

231.2

 D, g/kg

708.2

40.6

620.4

774.3

 U, g/kg

116.5

51

43.6

219.3

 BCP, g/kg DM

403.3

60.8

320.1

523.5

 EDCP, g/kg DM

596.7

60.8

476.5

679.9

Intestinal digestion of CPf

 dIDP, g/kg CP

735.6

54.4

630.7

833.7

 IDP, g/kg

299.2

63.4

212.0

406.5

Total-tract digestion of CPg

 TDP, g/kg CP

895.9

13.2

862.1

929.3

Predicted values of potential nutrient supply to dairy cattle, g/kg DMh

 MCPRDP

197.91

19.45

6333.0

171.2

 MCPTDN

89.95

3.30

2878.0

84.7

 AMCP

57.57

2.11

1842.0

54.2

 RUP

159.33

35.12

5099.0

111.6

 ARUP

118.42

32.52

3789.0

79.5

 MP

180.19

33.78

5766.0

140.3

 DPB

126.70

25.49

4054.0

91.0

Feed milk value, kg milk/kg DMi

 FMV

3.39

0.78

108.3

2.1

  1. astandard deviation
  2. bCP, crude protein; NDICP, neutral detergent insoluble crude protein; ADICP, acid detergent insoluble crude protein; SCP, soluble crude protein; NPN, non-protein nitrogen
  3. cPA2, soluble true protein; PB1, insoluble true protein. PB2, fiber-bound protein; PC, indigestible protein
  4. dtdCP, truly digestible crude protein; TDN1×, total digestible nutrient at one times maintenance; ME3×, metabolizable energy at the production level of intake (3×); NEL3×, net energy for lactation at the production level of intake (3×)
  5. eKd, degradation rate; S, soluble fraction in the in situ incubation; D, potentially degradable fraction; U, undegradable fraction, BCP, bypass crude protein; EDCP, effectively degraded of crude protein
  6. fdIDP, intestinal digestibility of rumen bypass protein on a percentage basis; IDP, intestinal digested crude protein,
  7. gTDP, total digestion of crude protein
  8. hMCPRDP, a microbial protein synthesized in the rumen based on available protein calculated as 0.85 of rumen degraded protein; MCPTDN, a microbial protein synthesized in the rumen based on available energy (discounted TDN); AMCP, truly absorbed rumen-synthesized microbial protein in the small intestine. RUP, ruminally undegraded feed CP, calculated according to the formula in NRC–2001 dairy model; ARUP, truly absorbed rumen–undegraded feed protein in the small intestine. MP, metabolizable protein (a true protein that is digested postruminally and the component amino acid absorbed by the intestine); DPB, reflects the difference between the potential microbial protein synthesis based on ruminally degraded feed CP and that based on energy-TDN available for microbial fermentation in the rumen
  9. iFMV, feed milk value
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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

ISSN: 2049-1891