Fig. 6

A proposed model of gga- miR-1306-5p regulation on activation of pro-inflammatory responses via targeting Tollip in chickens (Red arrow: up-regulation or down-regulation). Tollip is required to maintain immune homeostasis and control the MyD88-dependent TLR signaling pathway during inflammation. Following pathogen or LPS stimulation, Tollip firstly binded with IRAK-1, and this Tollip-IRAK-1 complex interacted with IRAK-4. The results generated from our study showed gga-miR-1306-5p were significantly increased following SE infection or LPS stimulation. The highly expressed gga-miR-1306-5p could significantly suppress the target Tollip, and subsequently facilitate the downstream pro-inflammatory mediators including NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β