Table 2 Structural composition of different dietary fibres (note- “soluble” may indicate “partially soluble” (modified from [9])
DF | Solubility | Main unit | Branch units | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cellulose | Insoluble | β- (1,4) Glucose | – | [53] |
Lignin | Insoluble | Polyphenols | Polyphenols | [54] |
Resistant starches | Insoluble | Helical amylose | 1,6 glucose in amylopectin | [55] |
Mix-linkage glucans | Soluble | β- (1,3) glucose | – | |
β- (1,4) glucose | – | |||
Hemicelluloses Arabinoxylan Xyloglucan Galactomannans | Soluble Soluble Soluble | Xylose Glucose Mannose | Arabinose Xylose Galactose Glucose | [56] |
Pectins | Soluble | Galacturonic acid with methoxy groups | Arabinose Galactose | [59] |
Gums Guar Agar | Soluble Soluble | β −1,4-linked mannose D-galactose & (3,6) anhydro-L-galactose | Galactose - | [60] |
Non-digestible oligosaccharides Fructooligosaccharide Galactooligosaccharide | Soluble Soluble | D-fructose residues Galactose, with terminal glucose unit. | - - |