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Table 1 Ingredients (g/kg as fed) and nutrient composition (%) of the experimental dietsa

From: Nutritional effects of the dietary inclusion of partially defatted Hermetia illucens larva meal in Muscovy duck

Ingredients

Starter period (days 3 to 17)

Grower period (days 18 to 38)

Finisher period (days 39 to 50)

HI0

HI3

HI6

HI9

HI0

HI3

HI6

HI9

HI0

HI3

HI6

HI9

Corn meal

600.0

600.0

600.0

600.0

638.0

638.0

638.0

638.0

670.0

670.0

670.0

670.0

Soybean meal

212.0

212.0

212.0

212.0

160.0

160.0

160.0

160.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

HI larva meal

0.0

30.0

60.0

90.0

0.0

30.0

60.0

90.0

0.0

30.0

60.0

90.0

Bran

42.5

42.5

42.5

42.5

36.3

36.3

36.3

36.3

66.2

66.2

66.2

66.2

Corn gluten meal

90.0

60.0

30.0

0.0

90.0

60.0

30.0

0.0

90.0

60.0

30.0

0.0

Soybean oil

16.5

16.5

16.5

16.5

28.5

28.5

28.5

28.5

34.5

34.5

34.5

34.5

Dicalcium phosphate

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

13.0

13.0

13.0

13.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Calcium carbonate

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

14.0

14.0

14.0

14.0

17.4

17.4

17.4

17.4

Sodium chloride

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

Sodium bicarbonate

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

DL-methionine

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.8

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.8

L-lysine

3.9

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.9

3.8

3.7

3.4

3.0

2.9

2.8

2.5

Mineral-vitamin premixb

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Choline chloride

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Optifos 250 bro

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Avizyme 1500×

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Titanium dioxide

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

Total

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

AMEnc, kcal/kg

2,897

2,892

2,888

2,884

2,994

2,990

2,986

2,981

3,052

3,048

3,044

3,040

Nutrient compositiond

 DM, %

89.3

89.8

90.1

89.7

88.8

89.2

89.1

89.1

88.7

89.0

89.3

88.9

 CP, % DM

25.1

24.7

25.2

24.8

23.0

22.5

22.5

22.4

20.2

20.2

20.1

20.1

 EE, % DM

4.7

4.8

4.9

5.1

6.2

6.2

6.4

6.6

7.3

7.4

7.6

7.7

 NDF, % DM

12.7

12.3

12.7

12.4

12.9

13.1

12.6

12.7

12.7

13.1

12.7

12.9

 ADF, % DM

3.4

3.5

3.7

3.3

3.5

3.5

3.7

3.5

3.4

3.5

3.5

3.4

 Ash, % DM

5.6

6.0

5.6

5.8

7.8

7.5

7.5

8.0

6.5

6.4

6.9

6.7

Fatty acid composition, % of total FAME

 SFA

19.0

20.7

23.9

26.9

17.7

20.2

22.5

25.5

17.3

19.4

22.2

23.7

 MUFA

27.6

26.1

25.5

24.6

25.8

24.9

24.2

23.5

24.9

24.8

23.8

23.8

 PUFA

52.8

52.6

49.9

47.9

55.9

54.4

52.7

50.5

57.2

55.3

53.5

51.8

 PUFA/SFA

2.78

2.54

2.08

1.78

3.15

2.69

2.34

1.98

3.31

2.85

2.40

2.18

 ∑n-3

3.3

3.4

3.4

3.3

4.1

4.2

4.1

4.1

4.5

4.5

5.3

5.0

 ∑n-6

49.1

48.9

46.1

44.3

51.6

49.9

48.2

46.1

52.3

50.4

47.9

46.4

 ∑n-6/∑n-3

14.88

14.38

13.56

13.42

12.58

11.88

11.76

11.24

11.62

11.20

9.04

9.28

  1. HI Hermetia illucens, AMEn apparent metabolisable energy, DM dry matter, CP crude protein, EE ether extract, NDF neutral detergent fiber, ADF acid detergent fiber, FAME fatty acid methyl esters, SFA saturated fatty acids, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids
  2. aFour dietary treatments: HI0 = control; HI3 = 3% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens; HI6 = 6% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens; HI9 = 9% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens
  3. bMineral-vitamin premix: vitamin A (retinyl acetate), 12,500 IU; vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), 3,500 IU; vitamin E (DL-a-tocopheryl acetate), 40 mg; vitamin K (menadione sodium bisulfite), 2.0 mg biotin, 0.20 mg; thiamine, 2.0 mg; riboflavin, 6.0 mg; pantothenate, 15.21 mg; niacin, 40.0 mg; choline, 750.0 mg pyridoxine, 4.0 mg; folic acid, 0.75 mg; vitamin B12, 0.03 mg; Mn, 70 mg; Zn, 62.15 mg; Fe, 50.0 mg; Cu, 7.0 mg; I, 0.25 mg; Se, 0.25 mg
  4. cCalculated according to Schiavone et al. [23] for HI meal and INRA [28] for the other ingredients
  5. dThe chemical analyses were carried out on three replicates of each feed sample