Table 1 The use of recombinant DNA technology in producing proteins, vaccines, amino acids and vitamins by bacteria
From: Application of new biotechnologies for improvements in swine nutrition and pork production
Product | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|
Porcine growth hormone (somatotropin) | Enhances lean tissue growth | Chung et al. [25] |
Human insulin | Regulates metabolism; treats diabetes | Keen et al. [26] |
Vaccines | Prevents bacterial and viral diseases | CAST [27] |
Antibodies | Controls viruses (e.g., African swine virus) | CAST [27] |
Phytases | Hydrolyzes phytate in plants; increases the digestion of minerals and proteins in diets | Pandey et al. [28] |
Carbohydrases | Hydrolyzes carbohydrates in diets | Rosano and Ceccarelli [29] |
Feed enzymes with high optimal hydrolyzes dietary carbohydrates Adrio and Demain temperatures | Hydrolyzes dietary carbohydrates and proteins in diets | Adrio and Demain [21] |
Antimicrobials | Kill pathogenic bacteria; enhances animal growth and feed efficiency | Diez et al. [30] |
Amino acids (e.g., Arg, Glu, Gln, Lys, Thr, and Trp) | Enhances animal growth and feed efficiency | Ma and Chen [31] |
Vitamins (both water- and lipid-soluble) | Enhances animal growth and feed efficiency | Vandamme et al. [32] |
Enzymes for feed fermentation | Digests complex carbohydrates and proteins; produces small peptides and amino acids | Opazo et al. [33] Demirci et al. [34] |
Enzymes for degrading AMR mediators | Enhances animal growth and feed efficiency | da Costa et al. [35] |