Table 1 Comparisons of major elements among different breeding systems
From: Revolutionize livestock breeding in the future: an animal embryo-stem cell breeding system in a dish
Major breeding elements | Conventional breeding | Genomic selection | Embryo-stem cell breeding |
|---|---|---|---|
Breeding scheme | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Pedigree record | Yes | Yes, can also reconstruct pedigree from genotyping data | Yes, can also reconstruct pedigree from genotyping data |
Performance testing | Breeding animals | Only for reference population | Only for reference population |
Reference population | No | Yes | Yes |
Candidate breeding animal | Individual | Individual, embryo | Embryo |
Generation transfer | Individual to individual | Individual to individual | Embryo to embryo |
Breeding value | EBV | GEBV | eGEBV |
Gametogenesis | In vivo gametogenesis | In vivo gametogenesis | In vitro induced gametogenesis |
Fertilization /Embryo | In vivo fertilization and development; In vitro fertilization and culture | In vivo fertilization and development; In vitro fertilization and culture | In vitro fertilization and culture |