Effect of dietary arginine to lysine ratios on productive performance, meat quality, plasma and muscle metabolomics profile in fast-growing broiler chickens

Table 1 Composition of the basal diet in each feeding phase

Items	0–12 d	13–22 d	23–33 d	34–43 d
Ingredients, g/100 g
Corn	33.4	36.7	19.2	15.0
White corn	0.00	0.00	15.0	18.1
Wheat	20.0	20.0	25.0	30.0
Vegetable oil	2.45	2.68	3.61	3.97
Soybean meal 48%	18.2	20.2	14.2	9.33
Full-fat soybean	10.0	10.0	15.0	15.0
Concentrated SBM	5.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Corn gluten	2.00	2.00	0.00	0.00
Pea	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00
Sunflower	2.00	2.00	2.00	3.00
Lysine sulphate	0.54	0.53	0.46	0.43
DL-Methionine	0.29	0.00	0.00	0.00
Methionine hydroxy analogue	0.00	0.32	0.33	0.26
L-Threonine	0.12	0.11	0.10	0.08
Choline chloride	0.10	0.10	0.05	0.00
Calcium carbonate	0.53	0.52	0.60	0.69
Dicalcium phosphate	1.29	0.80	0.47	0.21
Sodium chloride	0.29	0.30	0.23	0.21
Sodium bicarbonate	0.05	0.05	0.15	0.25
Premix vit.-min.¹	0.54	0.46	0.38	0.30
Phytase	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Xylanase	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Emulsifier	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08
Proximate composition
AME, MJ/kg	13.0	13.2	13.7	13.9
Dry matter^a, %	88.8	88.2	88.5	88.5
Crude protein^a, %	23.2	22.8	19.8	18.2
Total lipid^a, %	6.25	6.51	8.29	8.64
Crude fiber, %	2.96	2.92	2.99	3.08
Ash^a, %	5.24	4.60	4.29	4.03
Ca (total), %	0.77	0.62	0.55	0.50
P (total), %	0.61	0.51	0.44	0.38
Dig. Lysine^a, %	1.25	1.15	1.05	0.94
Dig. Arginine^a, %	1.32	1.21	1.11	1.00
Dig. Met. + Cys^a, %	0.93	0.85	0.79	0.70
Dig. Threonine^a, %	0.81	0.75	0.68	0.61
Dig. Valine^a, %	0.94	0.87	0.79	0.72
Dig. Isoleucine^a, %	0.84	0.77	0.70	0.63
Dig. Arg:Lys	1.05	1.05	1.06	1.07
Dig. Lys:AME, g/MJ	0.96	0.87	0.77	0.68

¹ Provided the following per kg of starter diet: vitamin A (retinyl acetate), 13,000 IU; vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol), 4000 IU; vitamin E (DL-α-tocopheryl acetate), 80 IU; vitamin K (menadione sodium bisulfite), 3 mg; riboflavin, 6.0 mg; pantothenic acid, 6.0 mg; niacin, 20 mg; pyridoxine, 2 mg; folic acid, 0.5 mg; biotin, 0.10 mg; thiamine, 2.5 mg; vitamin B₁₂ 20 μg; Mn, 100 mg; Zn, 85 mg; Fe, 30 mg; Cu, 10 mg; I, 1.5 mg; Se, 0.2 mg; ethoxyquin, 100 mg
^aAnalysed values. Amino acid concentration of the experimental diets was analyzed by AMINOLab® (Evonik Industries, Hanau, Germany). Digestible amino acid (dig.) values were calculated by multiplying digestibility coefficients [23] to the analyzed total amino acid content of each ingredient

ISSN: 2049-1891