Fig. 4

Dynamic changes of metabolites in mammary veins after ingestion at lactation d 28. Zero min represents the blood collected within 15 min before ingestion, representing a fasting state. This Figure shows effects of diet, time, and diet × time interactions on dynamic changes of glucose (a, P_diet = 0.55, P_time < 0.0001, P_{diet × time} = 0.65), NEFA (b, P_diet = 0.20, P_time = 0.035, P_{diet × time} = 0.72), total protein (c, P_diet = 0.38, P_time = 0.025, P_{diet × time} = 0.27), urea (d, P_diet = 0.34, P_time < 0.0001, P_{diet × time} = 0.95), triglyceride (e, P_diet = 0.20, P_time = 0.51, P_{diet × time} = 0.36), total cholesterol (f, P_diet = 0.75, P_time = 0.09, P_{diet × time} = 0.40). Values are least-squares means with SE. It was considered significant at P < 0.05. CON, control; RFA, restricted feed allowance; NEFA, nonesterified fatty acid