Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance, intestinal development, and immune response of weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Table 6 Effect of C. butyricum (CB) supplementation on intestinal morphology of weaned pigs challenged with LPS^d

Items		–LPS		+LPS		SEM	P-value
Items		CON	CB	CON	CB	SEM	CB	LPS	CB × LPS
Duodenum	VH, μm	223.89^b	277.70^b	241.57^b	340.81^a	10.38	0.001	0.066	0.287
	CD, μm	241.39	279.93	314.23	288.52	14.64	0.829	0.180	0.286
	VH/CD	0.94^ab	1.02^ab	0.85^b	1.25^a	0.06	0.060	0.575	0.202
Jejunum	VH, μm	201.46^c	277.39^a	226.91^bc	251.38^ab	7.40	0.003	0.985	0.097
	CD, μm	171.26	171.24	198.06	174.73	7.61	0.452	0.331	0.453
	VH/CD	1.20^b	1.69^a	1.19^b	1.48^ab	0.07	0.010	0.442	0.470
Ileum	VH, μm	211.19^ab	220.89^ab	179.60^b	248.97^a	8.68	0.034	0.920	0.101
	CD, μm	160.27	188.33	189.47	163.31	9.26	0.959	0.911	0.159
	VH/CD	1.40	1.60	0.96	1.60	0.10	0.185	0.692	0.085

^{a, b, c}Means in the same row with different superscript letters differ significantly (P < 0.05)
^dCON, piglets fed the basal diet; CB, piglets fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.4% C. butyricum preparation; −LPS, piglets not challenged with LPS; +LPS, piglets challenged with LPS

ISSN: 2049-1891