Black soldier fly defatted meal as a dietary protein source for broiler chickens: Effects on growth performance, blood traits, gut morphology and histological features

Table 4 Effects of diet, intestinal segment and interaction between diet and intestinal segment on the intestinal morphometric indices of the broiler chickens (n = 16)

Index	Fixed effect	d.f.^c	F	P-value
Vh, mm	Diet^a	3	2.893	0.038
	Intestinal segment^b	2	53.448	< 0.001
	Diet × Intestinal segment	6	0.922	0.482
Cd, mm	Diet	3	3.223	0.040
	Intestinal segment	2	10.130	< 0.001
	Diet × Intestinal segment	6	1.988	0.072
Vh/Cd, mm/mm	Diet	3	5.024	0.002
	Intestinal segment	2	17.858	< 0.001
	Diet × Intestinal segment	6	2.274	0.040

Vh villus height, Cd crypt depth, Vh/Cd villus height to crypt depth ratio
^aFour dietary treatments: HI0 = 0% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens; HI5 = 5% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens; HI10 = 10% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens; HI15 = 15% inclusion level of Hermetia illucens
^bThree intestinal segments: duodenum, jejunum and ileum
^cDegrees of freedom

ISSN: 2049-1891