Morphological adaptation of sheep’s rumen epithelium to high-grain diet entails alteration in the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation and apoptosis

Table 5 Cell cycle progression of ruminal epithelial cells of hay-fed (CON) and high-grain-fed sheep (G7–28)

Item¹	Treatments				SEM	Contrast, P
Item¹	CON	G7	G14	G28	SEM	Treatment	Linear	Quadratic	Cubic
G₀/G₁, %	91.77^a	89.96^a	85.86^b	84.73^b	0.76	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.754	0.238
S, %	2.78^b	2.56^b	3.05^b	5.11^a	0.33	0.007	0.006	0.058	0.691
G₂/M, %	4.24^b	5.62^b	9.70^a	9.36^a	0.56	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.058	0.004
Apoptosis cells, %	62.72^a	19.03^d	28.22^c	38.33^b	3.82	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Sheep assigned to CON (n = 5), G7 (n = 5), G14 (n = 5) and G28 (n = 5) received a high-grain diet for 0, 7, 14 and 28 d, respectively
SEM standard error of mean
^a-d Means within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05)
¹ G₀/G₁ = the proportion of cells in the gap G₀ and G₁ phases (the percentage is based on 10,000 cells); S = the proportion of cells in the synthesis (S) phase, based on the fact that the single-cell DNA level is greater than the DNA content of resting diploid cells (the percentage is based on 10,000 cells measured); G₂/M = the proportion of mitotic cells (the percentage is based on 10,000 cells). Apoptosis cells = the proportion of cells in the apoptosis phase (the percentage is based on 10,000 cells measured)

ISSN: 2049-1891