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Table 3 Abnormal sperm morphology in young (n = 9) and adult (n = 9) bulls

From: Pulse wave Doppler ultrasound of testicular arteries and their relationship with semen characteristics in healthy bulls

 

Young bulls

Adult bulls

 

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Major abnormalities, %

6.1 ± 2.31

10.1 ± 5.42

 Immature sperm, %

0.4 ± 0.2

1.3 ± 0.7

 Double forms, %

0.2 ± 0.2

0.3 ± 0.2

 Acrosome defects (knobbed acrosome), %

0.5 ± 0.1

0.7 ± 0.3

 Decapitated head, %

1.2 ± 0.3

2.1 ± 0.8

 Teratoid heads, %

0.7 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.6

 Diadem defects, %

0.1 ± 0.07

0.1 ± 0.1

 Pear-shaped defects, %

0.2 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.2

 Macrocephalic head, %

0.1 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.06

 Microcephalic head, %

0.8 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.5

 Corkscrew defects, %

0.1 ± 0.14

0.2 ± 0.16

 Tail stumps, %

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.2

 Strongly coiled tails, “Dag” defect, %

0.9 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 1.3

 Proximal droplets, %

0.7 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

Minor abnormalities, %

2.3 ± 0.81

4.2 ± 1.28

 Bent or kinked midpiece, %

0.3 ± 0.14

0.4 ± 0.16

 Distal droplet, %

0.9 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.3

 Bent tail, %

0.6 ± 0.2

1.3 ± 0.4

 Coiled tail, %

0.4 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.1

 Other abnormal cells, %

0.1 ± 0.07

0.5 ± 0.32