Glucosamine supplementation during late gestation alters placental development and increases litter size

Table 6 Treatment by parity effects on litter traits from experiment 3

Treatment	Total born^a	Born alive^a	Stillborns	Mummies	Birth weight	Weaning weight	Preweaning mortality
Glucosamine
Parity 3	17.9 ± 0.7	15.9 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.2	1.40 ± 0.04	5.0 ± 0.1	0.11 ± 0.02
Parity 4	16.8 ± 0.9	14.9 ± 0.8	1.3 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.2	1.41 ± 0.05	4.9 ± 0.1	0.15 ± 0.02
Parity 5	20.0 ± 1.2	17.2 ± 1.0	1.7 ± 0.5	1.1 ± 0.3	1.26 ± 0.06	5.1 ± 0.2	0.16 ± 0.03
Parity 6	18.7 ± 1.2	17.2 ± 1.1	0.5 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.3	1.32 ± 0.07	5.1 ± 0.2	0.17 ± 0.03
Parity 7	16.2 ± 1.0	14.3 ± 0.9	1.5 ± 0.4	0.3 ± 0.2	1.37 ± 0.06	5.2 ± 0.2	0.11 ± 0.02
Glucose
Parity 3	17.6 ± 0.8	16.0 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.3	0.6 ± 0.2	1.36 ± 0.04	5.1 ± 0.1	0.11 ± 0.03
Parity 4	17.9 ± 0.9	15.8 ± 0.8	1.5 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.2	1.41 ± 0.05	4.8 ± 0.2	0.18 ± 0.03
Parity 5	15.8 ± 1.1	14.7 ± 1.0	0.9 ± 0.4	0.2 ± 0.3	1.42 ± 0.06	4.8 ± 0.2	0.12 ± 0.03
Parity 6	15.1 ± 1.1	12.1 ± 1.0	2.4 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.3	1.30 ± 0.06	5.0 ± 0.2	0.24 ± 0.04
Parity 7	15.8 ± 1.1	14.3 ± 0.9	1.1 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.3	1.41 ± 0.06	4.8 ± 0.2	0.08 ± 0.02

^aA treatment by parity interaction was present. Orthogonal contrasts indicated that total born and born alive were greater in later parities (5 and 6) in glucosamine treated sows compared to glucose treated sows, but were not different in early parities or in parity 7. Litter size trait, birth and weaning weight least squares means for glucosamine- and glucose-supplemented sows for each parity from Exp. 3 are presented

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