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Table 2 Effects of supplementing cows with inorganic (INO, n = 11) or complexed (AAC, n = 9) trace minerals during the peripartal period on mRNA expression (fold-change relative to -30 d prepartum) of genes related with inflammation response, oxidative stress, eicosanoids, transcription factors, receptors and glucose metabolism in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL)

From: Peripheral leukocyte and endometrium molecular biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress are altered in peripartal dairy cows supplemented with Zn, Mn, and Cu from amino acid complexes and Co from Co glucoheptonate

Gene

Treatments

SEMa

P value1

INO

AAC

Treatment

Time

T × Tb

Inflammation

  DDX58

1.02

1.59

0.21

0.05

0.01

0.40

  IPS1

0.80

1.00

0.13

0.23

0.41

0.22

  NFKB1

0.89

0.91

0.06

0.75

0.03

0.74

  STAT3

1.17

1.09

0.12

0.62

0.62

0.84

  TLR2

1.27

1.21

0.25

0.85

0.84

0.41

  TLR4

1.14

1.43

0.30

0.48

0.11

0.49

  TNF

1.33

0.82

0.25

0.14

0.99

0.68

  ZBP1

0.97

0.66

0.13

0.09

0.15

0.62

Oxidative stress

  MPO

0.66

0.83

0.18

0.48

<0.01

0.03

  NFE2L2

1.32

1.57

0.30

0.54

0.15

0.70

  NOX1

0.97

0.99

0.26

0.94

0.61

0.12

  S100A8

2.05

1.90

0.40

0.78

0.08

0.98

  SOD1

0.73

0.91

0.09

0.14

0.02

0.94

  SOD2

1.38

1.72

0.22

0.27

0.70

0.99

  SOD3

0.66

0.06

0.31

0.15

0.32

0.70

Eicosanoids

  ALOX5AP

0.98

1.28

0.12

0.09

0.10

0.35

  LTA4H

0.71

0.67

0.10

0.76

<0.01

0.18

  PLA2G4A

0.84

1.23

0.15

0.06

0.22

0.23

  PTGS2

0.93

1.30

0.46

0.53

0.04

0.93

Transcription factors

  PPARA

1.03

0.63

0.14

0.04

0.01

0.21

  PPARD

1.14

1.23

0.16

0.71

0.30

0.74

  PPARG

0.84

1.68

0.33

0.09

0.80

0.79

  RXRA

1.21

1.03

0.11

0.22

0.05

0.78

Receptors

  ADORA1

1.08

1.55

0.14

0.01

0.08

0.15

  ENTPD1

1.14

1.64

0.23

0.12

0.34

0.80

  IL10

1.37

1.36

0.20

0.95

0.16

0.85

  IL1B

1.22

1.76

0.45

0.38

0.51

0.77

  ITGAM

0.75

0.78

0.07

0.74

0.10

0.32

  ITGB2

0.99

0.86

0.08

0.22

0.34

0.29

  P2RY11

1.02

0.89

0.18

0.60

0.14

0.44

  PANX1

0.86

0.95

0.13

0.61

0.02

0.15

  SELL

1.41

1.66

0.41

0.65

0.27

0.80

  TLN1

0.93

1.04

0.03

0.01

0.60

0.74

  VCL

0.74

0.83

0.06

0.25

<0.01

0.76

Glucose metabolism

  LDHA

1.37

0.84

0.20

0.06

0.04

0.95

  SLC2A1

0.83

0.56

0.06

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

  1. 1 P values represents the probability of statistical significance for the fixed effects (treatment, time, treatment × time). Statistical differences were declared significant at P ≤ 0.05 and tendencies at P ≤ 0.10
  2. aLargest standard error of the mean is shown
  3. bInteraction of treatment × time