Table 2 Ethogram used during instantaneous scan sampling observations adapted from Pluske and Williams [20] and Bolhuis et al. [21]
Behaviour | Description |
|---|---|
Sleeping behaviour | Lying on the side or belly with eyes closed, not performing any other described behaviour |
Lying/sitting behaviour | Lying on the side or belly with eyes open or passive sitting, not performing any other described behaviour |
Standing behaviour | Standing without performing any other described behaviour |
Aggressive behaviour | Head knocking, biting or fighting with another pen or littermate |
Exploring/play behaviour | Standing up and investigating the surroundings such as nosing the floor, scrapping the floor with one of the forelegs, nosing or nibbling on fixtures. Running across the pen and pivoting with or without the gentle nudging of a pen or littermate |
Manipulative behaviour | Belly nosing Mounting Oral manipulation of other pen or littermates Laying down and biting the metal frame work of the weaner pens (after weaning only) |
Ingestive-related behaviour | Eating (chewing feed) Drinking from water nipple Eliminating (defecating or urinating) |
Sow directed behaviour | Suckling or massaging the sow Manipulation of the sow during the pre-weaning period |