| Mechanical activation | Chemical activation |
---|
Sham | ICSI | Sham Injection | ETL | CAI | ION |
---|
N | 13 | 17 | 10 | 20 | 19 | 4 |
n | 151 | 200 | 78 | 393 | 350 | 78 |
Activated oocytes,% | 2,0 13 ± 1.6a
| 4,9 25 ± 0.5ab
| 25 32 ± 3.4b
| 21,1 54 ± 1.3c
| 16,4 47 ± 1.3c
| 3,3 42 ± 5.0c
|
- Sham: oocytes manipulated as in ICSI but no injection; Sham injection: oocyte pierced but no sperm insertion; ETL: 7 % Ethanol 5 min; CAI: 50 μmol/L Calcium Ionophore 10 min; ION: 5 μmol/L Ionomicine 5 min. Mechanically activated oocytes: Oocytes in metaphase II. Activated oocytes: Presence of one pronucleus
-
N number of replicates; n number of oocytes examined
- Percentage data are presented as mean ± SD
-
a,b,cValues with different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P < 0.05)