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Table 3 Effects of Clostridium butyricum on jejunal mucosa cytokines in broilers1

From: Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic, Clostridium butyricum, on growth performance, immune response, intestinal barrier function, and digestive enzyme activity in broiler chickens challenged with Escherichia coli K88

Items

Age of (post-ch)2

Experimental treats

Statistics

NC

PC

CB

CS

SEM

P-value

TNF-α, ng/L

3d

53.80b

48.88b

76.66a

65.09ab

7.19

0.030

7d

65.29ab

53.88b

69.32a

61.51ab

4.72

0.040

14d

63.39

50.22

62.92

61.23

6.88

0.220

21d

50.56

35.28

54.46

56.92

6.92

0.110

IL-4, ng/L

3d

52.52

50.9

68.7

67.51

5.78

0.140

7d

68.23a

52.16b

62.91ab

57.03ab

3.55

0.030

14d

70.65a

50.46b

69.79a

59.78ab

4.26

0.010

21d

52.64

42.59

56.38

57.09

6.41

0.350

  1. a-cMeans in the same row with different superscript letters differ significantly (P < 0.05)
  2. 1Each mean represents 6 birds. NC = birds fed a basal diet without challenged with E. coli K88; PC = birds fed a basal diet and challenged with E. coli K88. CB = birds fed a basal diet including 2 × 107 CFU C. butyricum/kg of diet and challenged with E. coli K88. CS = birds fed a basal diet including 20 mg colistin sulfate/kg of diet and challenged with E. coli K88
  3. 2The days after challenging