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Table 1 Energy and nutrient composition and physical characteristics of copra and palm kernel ingredients (as-fed basis)1
| Ingredient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item2 | Copra meal | Copra expellers | Palm kernel expellers | Palm kernel meal | Soybean meal |
| Dry matter, % | 92.9 | 89.9 | 91.9 | 91.9 | 90.0 |
| Bulk density, g/L | 502.4 | - | 634.1 | 401.0 | - |
| Water binding capacity, g/g | 4.18 | - | 1.83 | 2.17 | - |
| Gross energy, MJ/kg | 18.6 | 18.0 | 18.8 | 17.8 | 17.8 |
| DE, MJ/kg | 14.4 | 15.8 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 15.2 |
| ME, MJ/kg | 13.6 | 15.1 | 11.7 | 10.6 | 13.8 |
| NE, MJ/kg | 7.3 | - | 8.1 | 6.9 | 8.7 |
| Crude protein, % | 22.0 | 20.2 | 14.3 | 13.6 | 47.7 |
| Acid hydrolyzed ether extract, % | 1.9 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 1.3 | 2.9 |
| Neutral detergent fiber, % | 54.8 | 54.4 | 70.6 | 77.9 | 8.2 |
| Acid detergent fiber, % | 26.9 | 29.6 | 43.0 | 49.4 | 5.3 |
| Insoluble dietary fiber, % | 41.4 | - | 60.9 | 68.7 | 16.7 |
| Soluble dietary fiber, % | 5.5 | - | 2.6 | 2.2 | - |
| Total dietary fiber, % | 46.9 | - | 63.5 | 70.9 | - |
