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Table 1 Ingredients and chemical composition of experimental diets and diet ingredients, i.e. pine bark (PB), wheat straw (WS), and bermudagrass hay (BGH)

From: The effects of tannins-containing ground pine bark diet upon nutrient digestion, nitrogen balance, and mineral retention in meat goats

 

Grain Mix (% PB), %

Ingredient, %

Item

0

15

30

SEM

PB

WS

BGH

Ingredient of the grain/pine bark mix, % as is

 Ground pine bark

0

15

30

-

-

-

-

 Ground wheat straw

30

15

0

-

-

-

-

 Corn

20

20

20

-

-

-

-

 Soybean meal, 48 % CP

18.5

20

21

-

-

-

-

 Soy hulls

4.5

5

4

-

-

-

-

 Alfalfa meal

5

3

3

-

-

-

-

 Molasses

6

6

6

-

-

-

-

 Vitamins and mineral mixa

0.5

0.5

0.5

-

-

-

-

 Salt

0.5

0.5

0.5

-

-

-

-

 NH4Cl

0.5

0.5

0.5

-

-

-

-

 BGH

15

15

15

-

-

-

-

Chemical composition, % DM (n = 3)

 DM

89.7

87.8

87.3

0.77

83.6

83.5

91.4

 CP

15.7

16.8

16.1

0.41

1.2

4.1

7.3

 ADF

23.7

23.2

23.6

1.42

72.1

49.2

37.3

 NDF

35.0

31.8

27.5

1.77

78.6

79.0

69.2

 NFCb

42.1

42.5

47.1

1.91

17.1

16.7

19.1

 Ash

6.4

6.2

5.9

0.31

2.25

2.0

4.84

 Lignin

5.9

9.9

12.4

0.85

21.3

8.01

6.29

 Ether Extract

2.3

2.6

2.5

0.25

1.65

0.42

1.51

 TDN

66.6

64.1

64.4

1.75

36.7

52.0

56.3

 NEm (Mcal/kg)

0.31

0.30

0.30

0.01

0.10

0.21

0.54

 NEg (Mcal/kg)

0.19

0.17

0.18

0.01

0.10

0.10

0.28

 Ca

0.61

0.56

0.53

0.04

0.25

0.17

0.39

 P

0.35

0.38

0.37

0.02

0.04

0.08

0.19

 Mg

0.23

0.23

0.24

0.01

0.02

0.05

0.24

 K

1.19

1.12

1.05

0.03

0.03

0.31

0.99

 S

0.21

0.22

0.22

0.09

0.01

0.01

0.20

 Na

0.10

0.10

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.04

0.01

 Cu, ppm

34.7

25.3

19.7

8.01

1.0

5.0

3.0

 Mn, ppm

118.3

108.3

94.3

12.0

30.0

63.0

43.0

 Zn, ppm

133.0

142.3

152.0

14.6

11.0

5.0

20.0

 Fe, ppm

192.7

203.6

196.6

19.09

384

111

211.3

 CT, % DMc

0.19

1.63

3.20

0.19

10.3

0.03

0.04

  1. a Guaranteed analysis: calcium, 9.0 %; phosphorus, 8.0 %; salt, 41 %; potassium, 0.10 %; copper, 1750 ppm; selenium, 25 ppm; zinc, 7500 ppm; vitamin A, 308,000 IU/kg; vitamin D, 24,200 IU/kg; vitamin E, 1650 IU/kg
  2. b NFC non-fiber carbohydrate. NFC was calculated by difference [100 – (%NDF + %CP + %Fat + Ash)]
  3. c Condensed tannins (CT) are relative to a purified Quebracho condensed tannins standard (on DM basis). TDN total digestible nutrient, DM dry matter, CP crude protein, NDF neutral detergent fiber, ADF acid detergent fiber, CT condensed tannins