Alternatives to antibiotics as growth promoters for use in swine production: a review

Table 8 Effects of antibiotics, zinc oxide, and eucalyptus-medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) on nutrient digestibility for weaned pigs

Items	Antibiotics¹	ZnO (1,500 ppm)	ZnO (2,500 ppm)	Eucalyptus-MCFA	SEM	P
Dry matter	91.74^a	90.58^b	90.44^b	92.17^a	0.26	< 0.01
Crude protein	74.18^a	72.01^a	71.23^a	78.93^b	1.13	< 0.01
Calcium	56.31^a	48.26^b	46.75^b	65.93^c	1.56	<0.01
Phosphorus	54.48^a	38.25^b	42.77^b	66.10^b	2.01	<0.01
Energy	82.92^a	81.60^b	81.00^b	86.00^c	0.61	< 0.01
Lysine	79.13^a	80.25^b	78.25^a	83.80^b	0.88	< 0.01
Methionine	83.94^a	80.95^b	80.78^b	84.23^a	0.63	<0.01
Threonine	73.56^b	73.57^b	73.43^b	79.40^a	1.40	0.02

ISSN: 2049-1891