Changes in feed intake, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and oxidative stress parameters in dairy cows with subacute ruminal acidosis and its regulation with pelleted beet pulp

Table 4 Effect of dietary treatments on ruminal pH and plasma metabolite profiles in dairy cows ^2,3

Item	Dietary treatment¹				SEM⁴	P-value
	W0	W10	W20	BP10		Trt	Time	Trt × Time
Ruminal
pH, Average	6.37^a	6.01^b	5.94^b	6.05^b	0.05	<0.01	<0.01	0.01
pH, Minimum	5.99^a	5.63^b	5.41^c	5.63^b	0.07	<0.01	-	-
Plasma
BHBA⁵, mmol/L	0.82^a	0.76^ab	0.68^b	0.84^a	0.02	<0.01	<0.01	0.88
NEFA⁶, uEq/L	136.88^a	123.20^ab	115.23^b	111.83^b	3.37	0.01	<0.01	0.58
Cholesterol, mmol/L	3.71^a	2.97^b	2.41^c	2.55^c	0.06	<0.01	0.13	0.90
Triglyceride, mmol/L	0.20^a	0.18^b	0.17^c	0.17^bc	0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.98
Glucose, mmol/L	3.10^b	3.13^b	3.22^a	3.17^ab	0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.97
Insulin, uIU/mL	6.19^b	7.33^ab	8.00^a	7.62^a	0.22	<0.01	<0.01	0.94

¹W0 = TMR containing 0% wheat; W10 = TMR containing 10% wheat; W20 = TMR containing 20% wheat; BP10 = TMR containing 20% wheat plus10% beet pulp; ²a–c Means with different superscripts in the same row differ (Tukey’s test; P<0.05); ³Blood samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h post morning feeding; ⁴SEM = Standard error of the mean; ⁵β-hydroxybutyrate; ⁶Non esterified fatty acids.

ISSN: 2049-1891