Effects of antioxidant-rich Lactiplantibacillus plantarum inoculated alfalfa silage on rumen fermentation, antioxidant and immunity status, and mammary gland gene expression in dairy goats

Table 2 Fermentation characteristic, chemical composition, and antioxidant capacity of ensiled alfalfa

Items¹	Treatment²		SEM³	P-value
Items¹	RSMTD-1	ES24-7	SEM³	P-value
Fermentation characteristic
pH	4.62	4.63	0.008	0.832
Lactic acid, g/kg DM	42.3	43.2	0.33	0.189
Acetic acid, g/kg DM	17.6	18.5	0.13	0.005
Propionic acid, g/kg DM	5.38	4.66	0.091	0.003
Chemical composition
DM, g/kg FW	401	399	1.6	0.624
WSC, g/kg DM	5.45	5.65	0.149	0.502
CP, g/kg DM	141	147	1.7	0.136
NPN, g/kg TN	363	320	11.6	0.186
NH₃-N, g/kg TN	43.2	41.2	1.08	0.393
aNDF, g/kg DM	400	393	2.1	0.092
ADF, g/kg DM	279	274	3.5	0.550
Antioxidant capacity
α-tocopherol, mg/kg DM	19.9	26.3	0.76	0.002
β-carotene, mg/kg DM	159	209	5.3	0.001
T-AOC, mmol/kg FW	7.58	9.26	0.093	< 0.001
SOD, U/g FW	785	659	11.7	< 0.001
GSH-Px, U/g FW	438	488	5.1	0.001
CAT, U/g FW	0.00	9.80	0.218	< 0.001

¹DM Dry matter, FW Fresh weight, WSC Water-soluble carbohydrates, CP Crude protein, NPN Non-protein nitrogen, NH₃-N Ammonia nitrogen, aNDF Neutral detergent fiber assayed with a heat-stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash, ADF Acid detergent fiber, T-AOC Total antioxidant capacity, SOD Superoxide dismutase, GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase, CAT Catalase
²RSMTD-1, alfalfa silage inoculated with reference strain L. plantarum MTD/1; ES24-7, alfalfa silage inoculated with experimental strain L. plantarum 24-7
³SEM Standard error of the mean; values for silage represent the means of 6 replicates (n = 6)

ISSN: 2049-1891