Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short-term heat stress and recovery conditions

Table 4 Body temperature of Holstein calves supplemented with inorganic and organic minerals at different temperatures

Time	Parameters	Heat				Recovery				SEM⁵	Mixed P value⁶
Time	Parameters	Con¹	IM²	OM³	HOM⁴	Con¹	IM²	OM³	HOM⁴	SEM⁵	Temperature	Minerals	T × M
9:00 h	Rectal	39.82	39.83	39.88	39.71	39.61	39.65	39.73	39.65	0.114	0.097	0.787	0.934
	Flank	36.23	36.15	36.37	36.09	35.10	35.30	35.04	35.18	0.614	0.024	0.999	0.980
	Rump	36.03	36.01	36.00	35.89	34.70	34.71	35.13	34.82	0.742	0.042	0.991	0.989
	Perineum	36.83	36.85	36.81	36.75	36.32	36.30	36.31	36.36	0.277	0.049	0.999	0.996
	Belly	35.94	35.85	36.01	36.02	35.09	35.29	35.13	35.25	0.549	0.062	0.997	0.992
	Back	36.23	35.72	35.98	36.10	35.28	34.75	34.95	34.69	0.666	0.033	0.892	0.985
	Thigh	36.01	36.10	36.05	35.98	35.08	35.21	35.38	35.61	0.412	0.025	0.945	0.904
15:00 h	Rectal	40.33	40.29	40.41	40.33	40.04	40.05	40.07	39.85	0.173	0.029	0.905	0.943
	Flank	36.55	36.85	36.79	36.87	35.67	35.53	35.26	35.57	0.544	0.004	0.985	0.945
	Rump	36.60	36.61	36.70	36.55	35.25	35.46	35.19	35.26	0.590	0.005	0.996	0.992
	Perineum	37.91	37.67	37.80	37.77	36.59	36.77	36.55	36.73	0.452	0.004	0.998	0.973
	Belly	36.58	36.55	36.90	36.42	35.63	35.54	35.40	35.36	0.430	0.001	0.938	0.916
	Back	36.75	36.75	36.71	36.76	35.56	35.47	35.30	35.46	0.522	0.002	0.993	0.997
	Thigh	36.69	36.74	36.88	36.88	36.09	36.01	35.97	35.98	0.273	0.001	0.996	0.934

¹Con: Basal diet (without mineral supplementation)
²IM: Basal diet + inorganic minerals supplementation
³OM: Basal diet + organic minerals supplementation
⁴HOM: Basal diet + higher organic minerals supplementation
⁵Standard error of the mean
⁶P value received from the mixed procedure of SAS with temperature effect (B), mineral effect (M), and interaction effect between temperature and minerals (T × M). A P value less than 0.05 indicates that the results are statistically significant

ISSN: 2049-1891