Does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve Muscovy duck welfare?

Table 1 Ingredients (g/kg as fed) and nutrient composition (g/100 g DM, unless otherwise stated) of the experimental diets

Ingredients	Starter period (d 3 to 31)	Grower-finisher period (d 32 to 55)
Corn meal	418	541
Soybean meal	292	234
Bran meal	53.4	60.0
Common wheat	150	57.8
Wheat meal	34.4	50.0
Soybean oil	10.0	12.0
Calcium carbonate	15.7	22.9
Dicalcium phosphate	12.3	9.90
Sodium bicarbonate	2.50	2.10
Sodium chloride	2.00	1.90
DL-methionine	2.50	1.80
L-lysine HCl	0.900	1.70
Mineral-vitamin premix^a	4.00	3.00
Optifos 250 bro^b	1.00	1.00
Avizyme 1500X^c	1.00	1.00
Total	1,000	1,000
AMEn, kcal/kg (as fed)	2,696	2,742
Analyzed nutrient composition
Dry matter, g/100 g	90.9	90.6
Crude protein, g/100 g DM	19.3	17.9
Ether extract, g/100 g DM	2.51	3.23
Ash, g/100 g DM	6.50	6.52
Amino acids, g/100 g on (as fed basis)
Lysine	1.01	0.932
Methionine	0.514	0.426

AMEn Apparent metabolizable energy corrected with nitrogen retention, DM Dry matter
^aMineral-vitamin premix per kg: vitamin A (retinyl acetate), 12,500 IU; vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol), 3,500 IU; vitamin E (DL-α-tocopheryl acetate), 40 mg; vitamin K (menadione sodium bisulfite), 2.0 mg; biotin, 0.20 mg; thiamine, 2.0 mg; riboflavin, 6.0 mg; pantothenate, 15.21 mg; niacin, 40.0 mg; choline, 750.0 mg pyridoxine, 4.0 mg; folic acid, 0.75 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.03 mg; Mn, 70 mg; Zn, 62.15 mg; Fe, 50.0 mg; Cu, 7.0 mg; I, 0.25 mg; Se, 0.25 mg
^bOptifos 250 bro: Phytase (EC 3.1.3.26) (250 OTU/kg diet), Huvepharma, Sofia, Bulgaria
^cAvizyme 1500X: Complex of Endo 1–4-Beta-Xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) (256 U/kg diet), Subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.62) (2,560 U/kg diet) and α-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) (1,472 U/kg diet), Danisco Animal Nutrition, Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK

ISSN: 2049-1891