Dietary supplementation of laminarin improves the reproductive performance of sows and the growth of suckling piglets

Table 4 Effects of dietary laminarin on inflammatory cytokine levels and immunoglobulin concentrations in serum of sows (n = 8–10)

Items	Laminarin levels, %				SEM	P-value
Items	0	0.025	0.05	0.10	SEM	Linear	Quadratic
TNF-α, pg/mL	52.34	51.39	53.73	52.43	1.51	0.89	0.86
IFN-γ, pg/mL	37.49	40.75	39.43	34.82	2.03	0.53	0.43
IL-6, pg/mL	140.36	126.10	125.06	126.16	4.12	0.30	0.30
IL-10, pg/mL	20.48	18.74	18.38	17.13	0.74	0.13	0.71
IL-2, pg/mL	280.02	223.54	223.82	209.25	10.51	0.03	0.21
IgA, g/L	2.39	2.70	2.73	2.69	0.11	0.38	0.38
IgG, g/L	16.83	21.06	23.56	23.10	0.89	0.01	0.05
IgM, g/L	1.91	2.37	2.27	2.15	0.09	0.57	0.12

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