Fig. 7

Effects of vitamin D on protein degradation in the muscle of grass carp. A SDS-PAGE results of muscle protein extract in different concentration separation gel. M, marker; numbers 1–6 represent different vitamin D levels from 15.2 to 1,980.1 IU/kg (n = 3). B and C Effects of dietary vitamin D on the transcription (B) and protein levels (C) of autophagy-lysosome pathway, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and FOXO molecules (n = 6). D UB protein level. E Immunofluorescence results of FoxOX1 in the 15.2 and 1,167.9 IU/kg groups (n = 3). The white arrow shows nuclear co-localization. Values are shown as means ± SD. Results with different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05). ATG, autophagy-related gene; LC3, light chain 3; MuRF1, muscle-specific ring finger; MAFbx, muscle atrophy F-box; UB, ubiquitin; FoxO, forkhead box O