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Table 5 Serum immune factors of calves feeding on different sources of milk

From: Effects of feeding untreated, pasteurized and acidified waste milk and bunk tank milk on the performance, serum metabolic profiles, immunity, and intestinal development in Holstein calves

Itemsd

Treatmentsc

BTM

UWM

PWM

AWM

IL-1β, ng/L

60.0 ± 5.49b

70.3 ± 7.98a

72.3 ± 3.04a

61.7 ± 4.14b

IL-6, ng/L

610 ± 12.8

583 ± 26.6

599 ± 49.4

602 ± 36.0

IL-7, ng/L

24.9 ± 1.27

26.6 ± 1.22

26.3 ± 1.18

24.8 ± 1.28

IL-8, ng/L

86.9 ± 2.80

83.8 ± 3.44

91.6 ± 4.26

88.9 ± 2.38

IL-10, ng/L

264 ± 21.5

269 ± 26.8

277 ± 20.1

283 ± 13.9

IL-22, ng/L

0.49 ± 0.02

0.49 ± 0.05

0.51 ± 0.01

0.54 ± 0.02

TNF-α, ng/L

258 ± 20.7b

299 ± 27.2a

301 ± 13.8a

273 ± 6.07b

  1. a,bMeans within a row not sharing a common superscript letter are significantly different (P < 0.05)
  2. c BTM bunk tank milk group, UWM untreated waste milk group, PWM pasteurized waste milk group, AWM acidified waste milk group
  3. d IL-1β interleukin-1β, IL-6 interleukin-6, IL-7 interleukin-7, IL-8 interleukin-8, IL-10 interleukin-10, IL-22 interleukin-22, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α