Items | VH, μm | CD, μm | V:C | ML, μm |
---|
Treatment | Â | Â | Â |
 U1 | 442.8 | 194.3 | 2.32 | 201.6 |
 U2 | 395.2 | 206.6 | 2.12 | 201.8 |
 U3 | 376.0 | 225.8 | 1.74 | 189.4 |
 U4 | 488.7 | 214.7 | 1.98 | 181.2 |
 C1 | 412.7 | 270.0 | 1.32b, *
| 159.2 |
 C2 | 472.0 | 245.0 | 1.95a, *
| 160.8 |
 C3 | 552.3 | 270.2 | 1.93a, *
| 184.3 |
 C4 | 451.0 | 237.3 | 1.99a, *
| 201.7 |
 SEM | 18.69 | 7.94 | 0.06 | 5.93 |
P-value | Â |
 Challenge | 0.220 | 0.005 | 0.035 | 0.161 |
 EO | 0.805 | 0.712 | 0.450 | 0.898 |
 Challenge × EO | 0.151 | 0.668 | 0.003 | 0.186 |
 Linear d
| 0.370 | 0.664 | NA | 0.371 |
 Quadratic d
| 0.668 | 0.687 | NA | 0.985 |
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a,bMean values within the same column not sharing a common uppercase superscript letter differ significantly (P ≤ 0.05)
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cValues are means of eight replicates per treatment. VH villus height, CD crypt depth, V:C the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, ML thickness of muscular layer, SEM pooled standard error, EO essential oils, NA not analyzed
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dWhen the interaction between C. perfringens challenge and EO supplementation was not significant, linear and quadratic polynomial contrasts were performed on the main-effect means to EO dosages
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* When the interaction was significant, mean values within the challenged or unchallenged groups have a linear and quadratic dose response to EO dosages (P ≤ 0.05)